Rotors & Stators

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Issue Time: Jan 22,2021

Summary

Motor refers to an electromagnetic device that realizes the conversion or transmission of electric energy according to the law of electromagnetic induction.

The motor is represented by the letter M in the circuit. Its main function is to generate driving torque. As a power source for electrical appliances or various machinery, the generator is represented by the letter G in the circuit. Its main function is to convert mechanical energy into Electricity

Rotor & Stator

The stator and rotor both are the parts of the electrical motor.

The significant difference between the rotor and the stator is that the rotor is the rotating part of the motor whereas the stator is the stationary part of the motor.

The stator frame, the stator core and stator winding are the parts of the stator. The frame supports the core of the stator and protects their three-phase winding. The stator core carries the rotating magnetic field which induces because of the three-phase supply.

The rotor is situated inside the core of the stator. Squirrel cage and the phase wound rotor are the types of the rotor. The rotor winding is excited by the DC supply. The field winding induces the constant magnetic field in the core of the rotor.

Definition of Stator

The stator is the static part of the motor. The main function of the stator is to generate the rotating magnetic field. The stator frame, stator core and stator winding are the three parts of the stator. The stator core support and protect the three-phase winding of the stator. High-grade silicon steel stamping makes the core of the stator.

Definition of Rotor

The rotating part of the motor is known as the rotor. The rotor core and the rotor winding are the part of the rotor. The winding of the rotor is excited by the DC supply. The squirrel cage and the phase wound are the types of the rotor.

Working of Rotor & Stator

The stator generates the rotating magnetic field because of the three-phase supply. If the rotor is in the standstill condition, then the electromagnetic force induces in them because of the electromagnetic induction phenomena.

The electromagnetic induction is the phenomena in which the emf induced in the current carrying conductor because of the variable magnetic field. The current induces in the rotor which causes the rotor to move.

Key Differences Between Stator and Rotor

The stator is the stationary part of the machine, whereas the rotor is the movable part of the machine.

The stator core, stator winding and the outer frame are the three parts of the stator whereas the rotor core and field winding are the parts of the rotor.

The three-phase supply is given to the winding of the stator. The rotor is excited by the DC supply.

The winding arrangement of the stator is more complex as compared to the rotor.

The stator winding is highly insulated because high voltage induces in it. Whereas, the rotor has low insulation.

The size of the stator winding is large for carrying the heavy current as compared to the field winding.

The cooling system of the stator is good as compared to the rotor Because the stator is stationary.

The friction loss is less in the rotor as compared to the stator because of its low weight.

Basis for Comparison	Stator	Rotor
Definition	It is a stationary part of the machine	It is the rotating part of the motor.
Parts	Outer frame, stator core and stator winding.	Rotor winding and Rotor core
Supply	Three-phase Supply	DC supply
Winding Arrangement	Complex	Easy
Insulation	Heavy	Less
Friction Loss	High	Low
Cooling	Easy	Difficult

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Conclusion

The static part of the machine is known stator. And the rotating part of the machine is known as the rotor.

The rotor is placed inside the core of the stator. The three-phase is supplied to the stator winding which produces the rotating magnetic field. The rotor rotates inside the rotating magnetic field.

Thus, an emf is induced because of the interaction of magnetic field of rotor and stator.

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